Sustainable Accounting, Governance, and Society Journal

Human and Social Capital on Social Enterprise Performance: The Role of Competitive Advantage

2026-04-11T10:18:23+00:00

Research aims: This study aims to analyze the effect of human capital and social capital on social enterprise performance in cooperatives in Bengkalis Regency, with competitive advantage as a mediating variable.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This research applies a quantitative approach using the Structural Equation Modeling– Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to cooperative chairpersons and secretaries, resulting in 154 valid responses. Data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software.
Research findings: The results indicate that human capital and social capital enhance competitive advantage, which subsequently improves social enterprise performance. Competitive advantage also mediates the relationship between human capital and social capital with cooperative performance.
Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the mediating role of competitive advantage in explaining the linkage between intangible resources and social enterprise performance within cooperatives.
Practitioner/Policy implication: The findings provide practical insights for cooperative managers and policymakers to strengthen human resource quality and social networks as strategic efforts to achieve sustainable competitive advantage.
Research limitation/Implication: This study is limited to cooperatives in Bengkalis Regency, which may restrict the generalization of the findings to other regions or social enterprise contexts.

Koneksi Politik, Komisaris Independen, dan Integritas Laporan Keuangan: Peran Moderasi Gender Diversity

2026-03-09T02:37:05+00:00

Research aims:

This study examines the effect of political connections and independent commissioners on financial reporting integrity, with gender diversity as a moderating variable in consumer non-cyclical firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (2021–2024).

Design/Methodology/Approach:
A quantitative approach using panel data regression was applied. The sample was selected through purposive sampling. Variables were measured using corporate governance indicators, with firm size as a control variable.

Research findings:

Political connections do not significantly affect financial reporting integrity, while independent commissioners have a significant negative effect. Gender diversity strengthens governance by moderating both relationships.

Theoretical contribution/Originality:

This study extends agency theory and gender socialization theory by highlighting the role of gender diversity in enhancing governance effectiveness.

Practitioner/Policy implication:

Firms should strengthen board independence and promote gender diversity to improve financial reporting quality.

Research limitation/Implication:

The study is limited to one sector and period, which may affect generalizability.

Governance and Performance in Village-Owned Enterprises: The Contingent Role of Accounting Information Systems

2026-04-25T10:41:43+00:00

Research aims:

This study examines the effects of accountability and transparency on the performance of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) and evaluates the moderating role of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) in these relationships.

Design/Methodology/Approach:
A quantitative survey was conducted involving 121 BUMDes in Siak Regency. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with WarpPLS. The analysis included assessment of the measurement model, structural model, and moderation effects.

Research findings:

The results indicate that transparency has a positive and significant effect on BUMDes performance, whereas accountability does not show a significant effect. AIS strengthens the relationship between accountability and performance but weakens the relationship between transparency and performance. These findings suggest that AIS plays a dual role as both an enabling and a transforming mechanism within governance practices.

Theoretical contribution/Originality:

This study contributes to the literature by applying Stewardship Theory to explain governance–performance relationships and by positioning AIS not only as a supporting mechanism but also as a factor that can alter the effectiveness of governance practices. The findings offer a nuanced perspective on the non-linear interaction between governance and technology in community-based organizations.

Practical/Policy implications:

The findings highlight the importance of strengthening transparency practices and improving AIS implementation in managing BUMDes. Managers and local governments should enhance the integration between governance mechanisms and information systems to achieve sustainable performance improvements.

Research limitations/Implications:

This study is limited to a single regional context and relies on perception-based data; therefore, caution is required when generalizing the results. Future research is encouraged to extend the geographical scope and incorporate additional relevant variables.

Leveraging Human Capital and Organizational Culture for Superior MSME Performance: Insights from the Tourism Sector

2026-04-17T03:05:16+00:00

Research Objectives:

This study investigates the effects of human capital and organizational culture on the performance of tourism-oriented micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), with sustainable competitive advantage acting as a mediating variable within the Resource-Based View (RBV) framework.

Design/Methodology/Approach:
A quantitative explanatory approach was employed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected through structured questionnaires from 133 owners and managers of tourism MSMEs in Kampar Regency, Indonesia, selected via purposive sampling. The measurement and structural models were evaluated through validity, reliability, R², SRMR, and NFI, while hypotheses were tested using bootstrapping at a 5% significance level.

Research Findings:

Human capital and organizational culture significantly enhance MSME performance and sustainable competitive advantage. Sustainable competitive advantage also positively influences performance and mediates the relationships between internal resources and organizational outcomes, underscoring the strategic role of intangible assets in achieving long-term competitiveness.

Theoretical Contribution/Originality:

This study advances RBV literature by empirically confirming the mediating role of sustainable competitive advantage and provides novel evidence from tourism MSMEs in Kampar Regency, an underexplored context.

Practical/Policy Implications:

MSME managers should prioritize workforce development and foster adaptive organizational cultures, while policymakers should support capacity-building initiatives and improved market access to strengthen sector sustainability.

Research Limitations and Future Implications:

The focus on a single region limits generalizability. Future studies should broaden geographic coverage and incorporate variables such as digital transformation and entrepreneurial orientation

Governance Dimensions and BUMDes Performance: Evidence from Rokan Hilir Regency

2026-04-24T04:42:11+00:00

Research aims:

This study aims to examine the effects of accountability, transparency, responsiveness, and the rule of law on the performance of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes).

Design/Methodology/Approach:
This research employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory design. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 183 BUMDes managers in Rokan Hilir Regency and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).

Research findings:

The findings reveal that all governance dimensions exert a positive influence on BUMDes performance. The rule of law emerges as the most dominant determinant, followed by responsiveness, accountability, and transparency. These results underscore that robust governance practices enhance organizational effectiveness and sustainability.

Theoretical contribution/Originality:

This study extends the good governance literature by integrating four governance dimensions within the context of BUMDes and reinforces the applicability of agency theory in village-based organizations.

Practitioner/Policy implication:

The findings encourage village governments and BUMDes managers to strengthen governance systems, particularly in terms of regulatory compliance, transparency, and responsiveness in managing village enterprises.

Research limitation/Implication:

This study is limited to a single region and specific variables. Future research is recommended to broaden the scope and incorporate additional variables.